Recent research demonstrates that sunscreens derived from wood lignin can achieve exceptionally high SPF values – exceeding 180 – while potentially being safer for both human health and the environment. This development addresses growing concerns about traditional sunscreen ingredients and offers a sustainable alternative to chemical-based formulas.
Rising Concerns About Conventional Sunscreen
For years, sunscreens have been a primary defense against skin cancer. However, recent studies from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) revealed that certain chemical components in common sunscreens can be absorbed into the bloodstream. While long-term risks remain unclear, this discovery has fueled public anxiety: a recent survey found that 14% of young adults believe daily sunscreen use may be more harmful than direct sun exposure.
This uncertainty coincides with growing awareness of sunscreen’s ecological impact. When washed into the oceans, many ingredients harm coral reefs and other marine ecosystems. Scientists are therefore actively exploring natural alternatives.
Lignin: Nature’s Built-In Sunscreen
Lignin, the substance that provides rigidity to plant cell walls, naturally protects plants from UV radiation. Extracting lignin for sunscreen use has been challenging; traditional methods often darkened the substance, making it unsuitable for cosmetic applications.
Researchers at South China University of Technology have now developed a method to extract pale-colored lignin from wood without chemical degradation. Two groups, led by Jun Li and Yong Qian, achieved this through milling, sieving, and ultrasonic extraction from poplar and birch wood, respectively.
Performance and Safety Advantages
The resulting lignin-based sunscreens demonstrated moderate SPF values (19-20) and broad-spectrum UV protection. More significantly, encapsulating existing chemical sunscreen agents inside lignin nanoparticles boosted SPF values to over 180. This approach also improves ingredient stability, extending sunscreen effectiveness, and reducing skin penetration – potentially mitigating health concerns.
“It is safe and has good sunscreen performance,” claims Yong Qian, lead researcher on one of the projects, based on initial human testing.
Beyond Lignin: The Future of Natural Sun Protection
The investigation into natural sunscreen alternatives extends beyond lignin. Researchers are exploring compounds found in seaweed, ferns, squid, and even human hair. This shift indicates a broader trend toward bio-based solutions in personal care, driven by environmental and health considerations.
The development of high-SPF wood-based sunscreen represents a significant step forward in sustainable skincare. It addresses consumer concerns, reduces environmental impact, and opens new possibilities for safer, more effective sun protection.
